RESUMO
Objetivo. Determinar el efecto de un programa de 7 semanas de Tai Chi sobre la flexibilidad, fuerza y balance en adultos mayores chilenos autovalentes de la comunidad con riesgo de caídas. Métodos. En este estudio piloto participaron 4 adultos mayores de la comunidad con riesgo de caída (prueba Timed Up and Go > 10 segundos), los cuales fueron entrenados con Tai Chi durante 7 semanas, con una frecuencia de 3 sesiones semanales. Cada sesión tuvo una duración de 60 minutos. Al inicio y al final del entrenamiento, se evaluó flexibilidad (alcance de dorso y alcanzar sentado en silla), fuerza muscular (fuerza prensil, pararse y sentarse en 30 segundos) y balance (prueba Timed Up and Go). Resultados. Las cuatro participantes finalizaron el entrenamiento sin eventos adversos. En todas ellas se observaron aumentos en el rendimiento de fuerza muscular de miembros superiores e inferiores, al igual que en flexibilidad. En términos de balance dinámico, todas las participantes mostraron mejoras disminuyendo los tiempos de ejecución de la prueba Timed Up & Go. Conclusiones. En este grupo de adultas mayores, un programa de Tai Chi de 7 semanas produjo mejoras en la fuerza y flexibilidad de extremidades superiores e inferiores, además de mejorar el balance dinámico.
Objective: To determine the effects of a 7-weeks Tai Chi program on flexibility, strength, and balance in self-valent community-dwelling older adults with fall risk. Methods: In this pilot study, 4 community-dwelling older adults with fall risk (Up & Go > 10 seconds), which were trained with a 7-weeks Tai Chi-based training program, with a frequency of three sessions per week. Each session lasted for 60 minutes. At the beginning and end of the study, flexibility (back scratch and chair sit & reach), muscle strength (grip strength and 30-seconds sit-to-stand), and balance (Timed Up & Go). Results: The four participants finalised the training programs without adverse events. In all of them, increases in upper and lower limb muscle strength and flexibility were seen. In terms of balance, all participants showed improvements by decreasing the execution times of the Up & Go. Conclusion: In this group of older adults, a 7-weeks Tai Chi-based training program induced improvements in upper and lower limb muscle strength and flexibility, along with improvements of dynamic balance.
RESUMO
La enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) es el segundo trastorno neurodegenerativo más frecuente del envejecimiento y el trastorno del movimiento más común. En Chile, de un total de 17.514.003 habitantes un 11,4% de la población es adulto mayor, y aproximadamente un 1-2% de la población de 65 años vive con EP, cifra que se eleva a un 3-5% en aquellos mayores de 85 años. Dentro de las alteraciones del movimiento que genera, se describen trastornos de la marcha y caídas, afectando la calidad de vida de los pacientes, por lo tanto, es fundamental generar estrategias que combatan estas alteraciones. La investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la efectividad de un plan de entrenamiento sensoriomotor para mejorar el balance, deambulación y calidad de vida en personas con Parkinson de la ciudad de Valdivia. Estudio cuasiexperimental con medida pre-post test tras 18 sesiones de entrenamiento sensoriomotor de 45 minutos, 3 veces por semana en días no consecutivos, durante 6 semanas. Se evaluó 8 participantes utilizando los test Timed Up and Go (TUG), Gait Speed (GS), Sharpened Romberg (SR) y la escala Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). Los resultados revelaron que se obtuvo una mejora significativa en las pruebas TUG y GS, con un porcentaje de cambio de 32,1% y 84,61% respectivamente, disminución de compensaciones en test SR y disminución de 2 puntos en la UPDRS. Se concluye que el entrenamiento sensoriomotor a corto plazo logra mejoras significativas en las variables de balance deambulación y calidad de vida(Au)
Introduction. Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder of aging and the most common movement disorder. In Chile, there is a total of 17,574,003 inhabitants, where 11.4% of the total population is older adult, and approximately 1-2% of the population of 65 years lives with PD, a figure that rises to 3-5% in those over 85 years old. Within the alterations of the movement that it generates, disorders of the gait and falls are described, affecting the quality of life of the patients, therefore, it is fundamental to generate strategies that combat these alterations. Objective: Evaluate the effectiveness of a sensorimotor training plan to improve balance, walking and quality of life in people with Parkinson's disease in the city of Valdivia. Methods: Quasi-experimental study with pre-post measurement after 18 sessions of sensorimotor training of 45 minutes, 3 times a week on nonconsecutive days, for 6 weeks. Eight 2 participants were evaluated using the Timed Up and Go (TUG), Gait Speed (GS), Sharpened Romberg (SR) and the escalation of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Classification Scale (UPDRS). Results: A significant improvement was obtained in the TUG and GS tests, with a percentage of change of 32.1% and 84.61% respectively, decrease of compensations in SR test and decrease of 2 points in the UPDRS. Conclusion: Short-term sensorimotor training in the short term achieved significant improvement in variables of balance, ambulation and quality of life(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Doença de Parkinson/prevenção & controle , Qualidade de Vida , Chile , Doenças Neurodegenerativas , Equilíbrio Postural , Exercícios em Circuitos , Testes de Estado Mental e DemênciaRESUMO
Background: There is a wide interindividual variability in the response to a period of exercise training. The science have reported that a minimum of participants could be non-responders for improving different health-related outcomes after training. Aim: To compare the effects of a 6-weeks exercise program on body composition, cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Material and Methods: Data from 23 trained subjects were used in a secondary analysis of the response to exercise. Of these, 14 were considered adherent to training and nine as non-adherent. Body mass, height, waist circumference, four skinfolds and their sum, blood pressure and plasma triglyceride levels were assessed before and after the training period. Results: Among adherent participants, significant reductions were observed in the sum of four skinfolds (30 ± 7 to 27 ± 6 mm, p ≤ 0.05), systolic blood pressure (133 ± 18 to 127 ± 20 mmHg; p ≤ 0.05) and plasma triglycerides (125 ± 58 to 102 ± 34 mg/dL; p ≤ 0.05). No changes were observed in weight or diastolic blood pressure. Among non-adherent participants, no changes of measured parameters were observed. Among adherent participants, 57% were considered as non-responders for waist circumference, 7% for the sum of skinfold thickness, 50% for systolic blood pressure, 64% for diastolic blood pressure and 57% for plasma triglycerides. Conclusions: Participants with a good adherence to a 6-weeks exercise training program experienced overall improvement in body composition, blood pressure and plasma triglycerides. The prevalence of non-responders varied considerably among measured outcomes.